The Ingredients Behind the Science

Signal peptides are thought to act as messengers that encourage the skin's own renewal processes. Advanced Defense Serum combines palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7 and palmitoyl tripeptide-1 with lab-made, human-identical (sh-) peptides, and the Eye Treatment adds palmitoyl tripeptide-5 for the delicate eye area. Peptides complement Supplamine®: one helps protect existing collagen, the other helps support a firmer look.

The outermost layer of skin relies on a precise blend of ceramides, cholesterol and fatty acids to limit moisture loss. Pairing several ceramides with cholesterol and phytosphingosine mirrors that natural lipid mix, helping support a resilient barrier. A healthy barrier keeps skin looking smooth and feeling comfortable, and helps the other ingredients in the formula do their work.

Sodium hyaluronate, the salt form of hyaluronic acid, can hold many times its own weight in water. On the skin it forms a light, breathable film and draws moisture into the surface layers, supporting a supple, plumped appearance. It works alongside glycerin and barrier lipids, which help keep that moisture in.

Niacinamide is a precursor to coenzymes that skin cells use for energy and renewal. It is well tolerated by most skin types and is studied for its support of barrier lipids and for helping reduce the look of uneven pigmentation. Around the eyes, it helps brighten the look of shadows alongside vitamin C and licorice root.

Although bakuchiol is structurally unrelated to retinol, research suggests it influences some similar skin pathways, supporting a smoother, more even-looking surface. Unlike retinol, it is generally well tolerated and suitable for both morning and evening use, which is why we chose it for the Eye Treatment.

Caffeine is thought to help temporarily tighten the look of skin and reduce the appearance of puffiness. It is also an antioxidant. In the Eye Treatment it is paired with peptides, niacinamide and vitamin C for a more refreshed, wide-awake look.

Pure vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is potent but breaks down quickly in water-based formulas. Sodium ascorbyl phosphate is a more stable derivative that skin converts to vitamin C. As an antioxidant it helps neutralize free radicals; oxidative stress is one of the key drivers of visible skin aging, alongside UV and glycation.

Mineral filters were long described as tiny mirrors that bounce sunlight away. In fact, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide mostly absorb UV energy and convert it to a small amount of heat, with only a share scattered. Zinc oxide covers a wide range of UV wavelengths and titanium dioxide adds strength in the UVB range. Iron oxides add a sheer, skin-flattering tint.